EYE

jeudi 4 juillet 2019

First Aid Tips

Do you know what to do if you get sand in your eye? What if someone accidently elbows you in the eye during the game? Here are tips for dealing with some of the most common eye injuries. Remember to act fast and get help from an adult.

If a chemical from a class experiment, cleaning fluid, or battery acid splashes in your eye, wash your eye out with water for at least 10 minutes. Have an adult take you to the doctor immediately.

If an object like a stick or pencil gets stuck in your eye, don’t pull it out. This is very serious. Have an adult put a loose bandage on your eye. Don’t put any pressure on the object. Have an adult take you to the doctor immediately.

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About the Eye

Ernest About Eye , All About Vision

Your eyes are made up of many different parts that work together to help you see. Check out the diagrams below to learn about each part of your eye and what it does.

Macula (MACK-yoo-luh) is the small, sensitive area of the retina needed for central vision. It contains the fovea.

Lens is the clear part of the eye behind the iris that helps to focus light on the retina. It allows the eye to focus on both far and near objects.

Iris is the colored part of the eye. It regulates the amount of light entering the eye through the pupil.

Pupil (PYOO-pul) is the opening at the center of the iris. The iris adjusts the size of the pupil and controls the amount of light that can enter the eye.

Cornea (KOR-nee-uh) is the clear dome covering the front of your eye. It helps your eye focus light so things look sharp and clear.

Sclera (SKLEH-ruh) is the white outer coating of the eye.

Vitreous humor (VIT-ree-us HYOO-mer) is the clear gel that fills the inside of the eye.

Fovea (FOH-vee-uh) is the center of the macula, where your vision is sharpest.

Optic nerve (OP-tic nurv) is the bundle of more than 1 million nerve fibers that carry visual messages from the retina to the brain.

Retina (REH-tin-uh) is the light-sensitive tissue lining the back of the eyeball. It sends electrical impulses through the optic nerve to the brain.

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mardi 27 novembre 2018

Nootrogen Offer

Ernest

Introduction

Nootrogen is the groundbreaking development in Nootropics stacks that requires no prescription. Through extensive clinical studies, research has identified 2 key natural compounds that when consumed together have remarkable effects on the brain and cognitive function. Dimethylaminoethanol and L-Pyroglutamic Acid.

Don’t know what a Nootropic is?

The age of smart drugs and nootropics is here. A nootropic is a substance that can increase memory, concentration, motivation, and mood or just about anything that is related to cognition and thought.

The benefits of Nootrogen include:

Boost memory recall
Improve focus and concentration
Increase brain processing speed
Calm nerves and anxiety

Nootrogen is manufactured under GMP guidelines with our US FDA registered facility.

buy it new

Nootrogen

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dimanche 23 septembre 2018

Myopia Control - A Cure For Nearsightedness?

Ernest About Eye , Myopia and childs eye

If your child has myopia (nearsightedness), you're probably wondering if there is a cure — or at least something that can be done to slow its progression so your child doesn't need stronger glasses year after year.

For years, eye care practitioners and researchers have been wondering the same thing. And there's good news: A number of recent studies suggest it may indeed be possible to at least control myopia by slowing its progression during childhood and among teenagers.

What Is Myopia Control?

Although an outright cure for nearsightedness has not been discovered, your eye doctor can now offer a number of treatments that may be able to slow the progression of myopia.

These treatments can induce changes in the structure and focusing of the eye to reduce stress and fatigue associated with the development and progression of nearsightedness.

Why should you be interested in myopia control? Because slowing the progression of myopia may keep your child from developing high levels of nearsightedness that require thick, corrective eyeglasses and have been associated with serious eye problems later in life, such as early cataracts or even a detached retina.

Currently, four types of treatment are showing promise for controlling myopia:

Atropine eye drops
Multifocal contact lenses
Orthokeratology ("ortho-k")
Multifocal eyeglasses

[See also: What is Myopia Control?]

Here's a summary of each of these treatments and of recent myopia control research:

Atropine Eye Drops

Atropine eye drops have been used for myopia control for many years, with effective short-term results. But use of these eye drops also has some drawbacks.

ATROPINE AND MYOPIA

Nearly Half Of Nearsighted Schoolchildren In Taiwan Prescribed Atropine For Myopia Control

A study has revealed that eye doctors in Taiwan are routinely prescribing atropine eye drops for nearsighted schoolchildren in hopes the treatment will slow the progression of childhood myopia.

Chinese girl wearing glasses and doing her schoolwork.

Topical atropine is a medicine used to dilate the pupil and temporarily paralyze accommodationand completely relax the eyes' focusing mechanism.

Atropine typically is not used for routine dilated eye exams because its actions are long-lasting and can take a week or longer to wear off. (The dilating drops your eye doctor uses during youreye exam typically wear off within a couple hours.)

A common use for atropine these days is to reduce eye pain associated with certain types ofuveitis.

Because research has suggested nearsightedness in children may be linked to focusing fatigue, investigators have looked into using atropine to disable the eye's focusing mechanism to control myopia.

And results of studies of atropine eye drops to control myopia progression have been impressive — at least for the first year of treatment. Four short-term studies published between 1989 and 2010 found atropine produced an average reduction of myopia progression of 81 percent among nearsighted children.

However, additional research has shown that the myopia control effect from atropine does not continue after the first year of treatment, and that short-term use of atropine may not control nearsightedness significantly in the long run.

Interestingly, one study found that when atropine drops were discontinued after two years of use for myopia control, children who were using drops with the lowest concentration of atropine (0.01 percent) had more sustained control of their nearsightedness than children who were treated with stronger atropine drops (0.1 percent or 0.5 percent). They also had less "rebound" myopia progression one year after treatment.

Also, many eye doctors are reluctant to prescribe atropine for children because long-term effects of sustained use of the medication are unknown.

Other drawbacks of atropine treatment include discomfort and light sensitivity from prolonged pupil dilation, blurred near vision, and the added expense of the child needing bifocals or progressive eyeglass lenses during treatment to be able to read clearly, since his or her near focusing ability is affected.

Orthokeratology

Orthokeratology is the use of specially designed gas permeable contact lenses that are worn during sleep at night to temporarily correct nearsightedness and other vision problems so glasses and contact lenses aren't needed during waking hours.

SEE ALSO: Should Your Teen Wear Contacts? Click here to learn more >

But some eye doctors use "ortho-k" lenses to also control myopia progression in children. Evidence suggests nearsighted kids who undergo several years of orthokeratology may end up with less myopia as adults, compared with children who wear eyeglasses or regular contact lenses during the peak years for myopia progression.

Many eye care practitioners refer to these lenses as "corneal reshaping lenses" or "corneal refractive therapy (CRT)" lenses rather than ortho-k lenses, though the lens designs may be similar.

In 2011, researchers from Japan presented a study that evaluated the effect of ortho-k lenses on eyeball elongation in children, which is a factor associated with myopia progression.

A total of 92 nearsighted children completed the two-year study: 42 wore overnight ortho-k lenses and 50 wore conventional eyeglasses during the day. The average age of children participating in the research was about 12 years at the beginning of the study, and children in both groups had essentially the same amount of pre-existing myopia (-2.57 D) and the same axial (front-to-back) eyeball length (24.7 mm).

At the end of the study, children in the eyeglasses group had a significantly greater increase in the mean axial length of their eyes than children who wore the ortho-k contact lenses. The study authors concluded that overnight orthokeratology suppressed elongation of the eyes of children in this study, suggesting ortho-k might slow the progression of myopia, compared with wearing eyeglasses.

In 2012, the same researchers published the results of a similar five-year study of 43 nearsighted children that showed wearing ortho-k contact lenses overnight suppressed axial elongation of the eye, compared with wearing conventional eyeglasses for myopia correction.

Also in 2012, researchers in Spain published study data that revealed children 6 to 12 years of age with -0.75 to -4.00 D of myopia who wore ortho-k contact lenses for two years had less myopia progression and reduced axial elongation of their eyes than similar children who wore eyeglasses for myopia correction.

Kids do look cute in glasses! But with the proliferation of ortho-k and other myopia control techniques, fewer kids may need eyeglasses for myopia in the future.

In October 2012, researchers in Hong Kongpublished yet another study of the effect of ortho-k contact lenses on controlling myopia progression in children. A total of 78 nearsighted children ages 6 to 10 years at the onset of the investigation completed the two-year study.

Children who wore ortho-k lenses had a slower increase in axial length of their eyes by 43 percent, compared with kids who wore eyeglasses. Also, the younger children fitted with the corneal reshaping GP lenses had a greater reduction of myopia progression than the older children.

Furthermore, as myopia control expert Jeffrey J. Walline, OD, PhD, from The Ohio State University College of Optometry pointed out in his analysis of the study published in the same issue ofInvestigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, the benefit of slowed myopia progression from wearing the corneal reshaping lenses extended beyond the first year of myopia treatment.

In March 2014, researchers in Taiwan published results of a study that compared the use of ortho-k contact lenses vs. atropine eye drops for the control of myopia in children ages 7 to 17. Participants had myopia ranging from -1.50 to -7.50 D (with up to -2.75 D of astigmatism) at the beginning of the three-year study period.

The two myopia control treatments produced comparable results: children wearing the ortho-k lenses experienced myopia progression of -0.28 D per year, and those who wore eyeglasses and applied 0.125 percent atropine eye drops nightly had an average myopia progression of -0.34 D per year.

Although this study did not include a control group that received no treatment to control myopia, the study authors mentioned that in similar studies the progression of nearsightedness among children wearing ortho-k lenses for myopia control was roughly half that of those who received no myopia control treatment over a two-year period.

Multifocal Contact Lenses

Multifocal contacts are special lenses that have different powers in different zones of the lens to correct presbyopia as well as nearsightedness or farsightedness (with or without astigmatism).

But researchers and eye doctors are finding that conventional or modified multifocal soft contact lenses also are effective tools for myopia control.

In 2010, researchers from Australia, China and the United States presented data from a study of experimental myopia control contact lenses worn by Chinese schoolchildren for six months. The contacts had a special dual-focus multifocal design with full corrective power in the center of the lens and less power in the periphery.

Participants were between the ages of 7 and 14 at the onset and had -0.75 to -3.50 diopters (D) of myopia, with no more than 0.50 D of astigmatism. A total of 65 children wore the experimental multifocal contacts, and 50 children wore eyeglasses. After six months, the children wearing the multifocal contact lenses had 54 percent less progression of their myopia than the children wearing eyeglasses.

In June 2011, researchers in New Zealand reported on a comparison of an experimental multifocal soft contact lens and conventional soft lenses for myopia control in children. A total of 40 nearsighted children ages 11 to 14 participated in the study. The children wore the multifocal contact lens on one randomly assigned eye and a conventional soft contact lens on the fellow eye for 10 months, then switched the lenses to the opposite eye for another 10 months.

In 70 percent of the children, myopia progression was reduced by 30 percent or more in the eye wearing the experimental multifocal contact lens in both 10-month periods of the study.

In November 2013, researchers in the U.S. published the results of a two-year study that revealed nearsighted children who wore multifocal soft contact lenses on a daily basis had 50 percent less progression of their myopia, compared with similarly nearsighted children who wore regular soft contact lenses for two years.

Children participating in the study ranged in age from 8 to 11 years and had -1.00 to -6.00 D of myopia at the time of enrollment.

The study authors concluded that the results of this and previous myopia control studies indicate a need for a long-term, randomized clinical trial to further investigate the potential of multifocal soft contact lenses to control the progression of nearsightedness in children and thereby reduce risks associated with high myopia.

CHILDREN'S VISION NEWS Eyeglasses on a globe map of the earth

Nearly Half Of The Global Population May Be Nearsighted By 2050, Researchers Say

February 2016 — Researchers at the Brien Holden Vision Institute in Sydney, Australia, recently pored over data from 145 studies and analyzed the prevalence of myopia and high myopia among 2.1 million study participants. The group also used data published since 1995 to estimate trends from 2000 to 2050.

What they found was alarming.

Multifocal Eyeglasses

Multifocal eyeglasses also have been tested for myopia control in children, but results have been less impressive than those produced with multifocal contacts.

A number of studies published between 2000 and 2011 found that wearing multifocal eyeglasses does not provide a significant reduction in progressive myopia for most children.

The Correction of Myopia Evaluation Trial (COMET), a study published in 2003, found that progressive eyeglass lenses, compared with regular single vision lenses, did slow myopia progression in children by a small but statistically significant amount during the first year. But the effect wasn't significant in the next two years of the study.

But in March 2014, researchers in Australia and China published the results of a three-year clinical trial that evaluated the progression of nearsightedness among 128 myopic children ages 8 to 13 years. All participants had experienced at least -0.50 D of myopia progression the year preceding the start of the study.

One group of children wore conventional single vision eyeglasses, a second group wore bifocals, and a third group wore bifocal lenses with prism. After three years, children who wore either type of bifocal eyeglasses had significantly less mean progression of nearsightedness (-1.01 D to -1.25 D) than children who wore single vision lenses (-2.06 D).

When your
child is
nearsighted
[Infographic]

Detecting Myopia Early

The best way to take advantage of methods to control myopia is to detect nearsightedness early.

Even if your child is not complaining of vision problems (nearsighted kids often are excellent students and have no visual complaints when reading or doing other schoolwork), it's important to schedule routine eye exams for your children, starting before they enter preschool.

Early childhood eye exams are especially important if you or your spouse are nearsighted or your child's older siblings have myopia or other vision problems.

What About Myopia Control In Adults?

Myopia typically develops during the early school years and tends to progress more rapidly in pre-teens than in older teenagers. This is why myopia control studies usually involve relatively young children.

While it's true that myopia also can develop and progress in young adults, this is less common. And it's possible that an adult's eyes may not respond to myopia control treatments the same way a child's eyes do. For these reasons, it's likely that most research on controlling myopia progression will continue to focus on nearsighted children rather than adults.

Can Eye Exercises Cure Myopia?

You no doubt have seen or heard advertisements on television and the Internet that claim eye exercises can reverse myopia and correct your eyesight "naturally."

Some of these eye exercise programs recommend you ask your eye doctor to write you an eyeglasses prescription that intentionally under-corrects your nearsightedness for full-time wear as an adjunct treatment to performing the exercises. The claim is that the exercises and undercorrection of your myopia will reduce your nearsightedness, so you will need less vision correction as time goes on.

It's worth noting here that research has shown undercorrection of myopia is ineffective at slowing myopia progression and may in fact increase the risk of nearsightedness getting worse. Also, intentional undercorrection of myopia causes blurred distance vision, which may put your child at a disadvantage in the classroom or in sports and affect their safety.

My opinion (and the opinion shared by most eye doctors and vision researchers) is that eye exercises do not cure myopia, are highly suspect, and are not supported by well-designed independent research. Buyer beware!

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Ortho-K And Corneal Refractive Therapy: Overnight Contacts To Correct Myopia

Ernest About Eye , Myopia and childs eye

$Ortho-K And Corneal Refractive Therapy: Overnight Contacts To Correct Myopia$

Wouldn't it be great if you could correct your eyesight and reduce your dependence on glasses orcontact lenses — without having to undergo eye surgery?

It might sound far-fetched, but it's a reality for many people. It's called orthokeratology, or ortho-k.

Here are the top 10 things you should know about orthokeratology:

1. What Is Ortho-K?

Orthokeratology (ortho-k) is the fitting of specially designed gas permeable contact lenses that you wear overnight. While you are asleep, the lenses gently reshape the front surface of your eye (cornea)so you can see clearly the following day after you remove the lenses when you wake up.

BEST CANDIDATES

mild to moderate myopia, LASIK ineligibility

Typical results: 20/40 or better without glasses or contacts
Cost: around $800 to $1,500 for both eyes, plus replacement lenses

Ortho-k lenses are prescribed for two purposes:

To correct refractive errors (primarilynearsightedness, but also astigmatism andhyperopia). In some cases, ortho-k also is used to correct presbyopia.
To slow the progression of childhood myopia. (Read more about myopia control.)

Ortho-k lenses are also called "corneal reshaping contact lenses" or "overnight contact lenses to correct or control myopia."

One specific brand of ortho-k lenses and fitting technique is Bausch + Lomb's Vision Shaping Treatment (VST). But ortho-k can be safely and successfully performed with other gas permeable (GP) lenses and corneal reshaping fitting techniques.

Only highly "breathable" GP lenses that have been FDA approved for overnight wear should be used for orthokeratology.

2. What Is Corneal Refractive Therapy (CRT)?

Paragon CRT (Paragon Vision Sciences) is a specific brand of corneal reshaping lenses that has a proprietary lens design and fitting methodology, called corneal refractive therapy (CRT). Though technically different than orthokeratology, CRT is used for similar purposes and produces comparable results.

For simplicity, I'll be using the terms "orthokeratology" and "ortho-k" to describe all types of corneal reshaping lenses — including corneal refractive therapy lenses — in this article. Your eye doctor will determine which type of corneal reshaping lenses are best for you after examining your eyes.

3. How Long Does The Ortho-K Effect Last?

You should be able to see acceptably well without glasses or contact lenses for a day or two, sometimes longer. For best results, you should wear the ortho-k lenses every night.

4. Which Vision Problems Can Ortho-K Correct?

Ortho-k also can correct lesser degrees of astigmatism, hyperopia and presbyopia.Orthokeratology is most frequently used to temporarily correct myopia (nearsightedness). Generally, ortho-k can correct upwards of -6.00 diopters (D) of myopia.

The type and amount of refractive error that can be effectively managed with orthokeratology differ on a case-by-case basis. Your eye doctor will be able to give you more specific guidance after examining your eyes.

5. Who Is A Good Candidate for Orthokeratology?

Most people with mild to moderate myopia (with or without mild astigmatism) are good candidates for ortho-k.

Because the corneal reshaping effect is temporary, little risk is involved, and you can discontinue wearing the lenses at any time — provided you are willing to start wearing glasses or contacts again when your myopia returns!

Children and young adults who want to be glasses-free but are too young for LASIK or are not good candidates for refractive surgery for other reasons (dry eyes, for example) often are good candidates for ortho-k. People who participate in contact sports or work in dusty environments that can pose problems for contact lens wear also can be good candidates.

6. Who Fits Ortho-K Lenses?

In the United States, optometrists perform most orthokeratology lens fitting. But ophthalmologistsalso perform ortho-k fittings. In some cases, ortho-k may be performed by a contact lens technician under the supervision of an optometrist or ophthalmologist.

It is important to know that orthokeratology is a very specialized type of contact lens fitting, and not all eye doctors who fit contact lenses also fit ortho-k lenses. If orthokeratology interests you, seek the services of an eye doctor who specializes in fitting these lenses. Two useful websites for identifying those doctors are from the American Academy of Orthokeratology and Myopia Control and theContact Lens Manufacturers Association .

7. What Results Can You Expect From Ortho-K?

Eye care practitioners usually aim for 20/20 vision after ortho-k, but 20/40 vision (the legal minimum for driving in most of the United States) often is considered an acceptable outcome.

In the FDA clinical study for approval of Paragon CRT lenses, 93 percent of patients achieved 20/32 vision or better, and 67 percent achieved 20/20 or better. In the clinical study for FDA approval of one VST design, about 95 percent achieved 20/40 or better, and 73 percent achieved 20/20 or better. Both studies followed patients for at least nine months.

ORTHO-K NEWS

Ortho-K Slows The Progression Of Myopia In Children, Study Finds

Orthokeratology can reduce the rate of myopia progression among nearsighted children who wear the specially designed contact lenses, according to a study.

Teen boy smiles while sitting in exam chair at optometrist office.

Researchers at the University of Melbourne (Australia) conducted the study to determine whether overnight wear of ortho-k contact lenses influences the rate of myopia progression in nearsighted children, when compared with myopic children of the same age and degree of nearsightedness who wear eyeglasses.

8. What To Expect When You Begin Ortho-K

The eye doctor will begin by measuring the curvatures of your corneas using an instrument called a corneal topographer — a painless procedure that takes about a minute and produces a topographical map of your eye's surface.

Your doctor might use an in-office inventory of lenses for fitting your eyes with ortho-k lenses the same day corneal topography measurements are taken, or he or she may order custom ortho-k lenses for fitting at a later date.

You may need a series of temporary lenses to see properly until you reach the desired prescription. In most cases, up to three pairs of lenses are required to achieve the maximum vision correction effect.

When you begin to wear ortho-k lenses, you will likely have some awareness of the lenses on your eyes until you fall asleep. With time, the lenses typically become more comfortable immediately upon insertion.

9. How Long Does It Take For Maximum Ortho-K Effect?

This depends on many factors, especially the amount of nearsightedness (and possibly astigmatism) you have when you begin the ortho-k process.

Some people can have excellent vision after a day or two of overnight ortho-k. But for higher prescriptions it can take two weeks or longer for maximum correction.

Until your eyes are fully corrected, you might notice blurred vision and glare and halos around lights. In some cases, you may need to wear glasses (with a lesser prescription than you originally had) during the ortho-k process. Also, in some cases, mild glare and halos might persist even after maximum ortho-k correction.

10. How Much Does Ortho-K Cost?

Fitting ortho-k lenses is a more time-consuming process and requires more expertise than fitting regular contact lenses. It requires a series of office visits and potentially multiple sets of lenses.

Each eye care practitioner determines his or her own fees for orthokeratology, based in part on the doctor's level of expertise, time required and lens costs.

The cost of ortho-k, including follow-up care associated with fitting the lenses, can vary significantly depending on the type and degree of your refractive error and whether you are choosing ortho-k lenses for long-term myopia control in addition to the temporary correction of existing myopia.

Costs also can vary based on the region of the country, urban vs. rural settings, and the type of practice where you have the procedure performed.

Ortho-k prices in the U.S. generally range from $1,000 to $2,000 (for both eyes), making the procedure roughly half the cost of LASIK. But particularly difficult cases of ortho-k can cost as much as $4,000.

There are additional costs for replacement ortho-k lenses, lens care solutions and follow-up exams, which can total about $300 to $500 per year.

Normally, orthokeratology is not covered completely by vision care insurance plans, but a portion of the fees may be covered by some plans.

Bonus Q&A: Can I Have LASIK After Ortho-K?

Yes, it's possible to have LASIK after ortho-k if you later desire vision surgery to permanently correct your eyesight.

Unlike LASIK, ortho-k is reversible. If you try reshaping lenses and later decide you want laser eye surgery instead, you can do that.

But you will have to discontinue wearing the lenses and wait a period of time before surgery (possibly several months) to allow your corneas to fully revert to their pre-orthokeratology shape.

Finally, keep in mind that, as with all contact lenses, there are some possible side effects and complications of wearing ortho-k lenses. Ask your eye care practitioner for details.

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